This book focuses on the significance of biology at the molecular level as a means of biotechnology for advancement in human life conditions. One of the engaging issues in this field is the identification of organisms producing bioactive secondary metabolites. This book also includes how to structure a plan for use and the preservation of species depicting a potential source for new drug development, particularly those acquired from bacteria. The book also presents new uses of biotechnology like the therapeutic applications of electroporation; enhancing value, microbial safety of fresh-cut vegetables; production of synthetic PEG hydro gels which can be used as an additional cellular matrix mimic for tissue engineering applications, and other innovative uses.