The branch of materials science and engineering concerned with the study of metallic elements is known as metallurgy. It focuses on the chemical and physical behavior of metallic elements, their alloys and inter-metallic compounds. It studies science and technology involved in the production of metals and the engineering aspects of metal components which are used for consumer as well as manufacturing products. Metallurgy can be classified into physical and chemical metallurgy. Physical metallurgy delves into the physical and mechanical properties of metals. Material characterization, physical performance of metals, phase transformations, mechanical metallurgy and failure mechanisms are some of the focus areas of this domain. The reduction and oxidation of metals along with their chemical performance is studied under chemical metallurgy. It also focuses on metal extraction, corrosion and mineral processing. This book traces the progress of this field and highlights some of its key concepts and applications. It includes some of the vital pieces of work being conducted across the world, on various topics related to metallurgy. Students, researchers, experts and all associated with this discipline will benefit alike from this book.