This volume offers a comprehensive and up-to-date examination of Medicare, one of the most critical pillars of the U.S. healthcare system. The book explores key policy issues, coverage trends, fiscal challenges, and reform proposals shaping the future of the program. Chapters address the structure and enrollment of Medicare Part B, the impact of budget sequestration, and the growing importance of Medigap coverage. In addition, the volume includes in-depth analysis of Medicare’s financial sustainability, efforts to enhance program integrity, and recent legislative proposals aimed at ensuring long-term solvency by adjusting the tax burden on higher-income Americans.