Reconstruction of mandibular defects after trauma or tumor resection is one of the most challenging problems facing reconstructive surgeons. Defects created in the mandible and midface after ablative procedures for neoplasia or traumatic injuries are often functionally and esthetically debilitating for the patient. Resection without bony reconstruction results in highly visible and often incapacitating deformities. The goal of reconstructive surgery in these cases is to replace the bone and soft tissue components of the defect in a way that approximates the normal facial structure as closely as possible.