The leishmaniases are vector-borne diseases due to infection caused by parasitic protozoans belonging to the Leishmania genus, which find hosts in various wild and domestic animals and can be occasionally transmitted to humans by insect vectors. In this book, the authors discuss the symptoms, treatment and potential complications of leishmaniasis. Topics include immunity against leishmaniasis; the clinical haematology, epidemiology and aetiology of leishmaniasis; the role of neutrophils in visceral leishmaniasis; atypical manifestations of canine visceral leishmaniasis; and the parasitological and serological diagnosis of canine visceral leishmaniasis.