This is a detailed examination of the interrelation and interdependence of scholarship and politics in the field of Celtic studies in Germany, from the Wilhelmine era up to and during the time of the Second World War. The research is primarily based on numerous relevant documents housed in archives in Germany, Ireland and the USA. The book examines the life and work of renowned and much-revered German Celtic scholars, among them Kuno Meyer, Julius Pokorny and Leo Weisgerber, in the wider social and political context of the Kaiser period, the Weimar Republic and the Third Reich. Addressing fundamental academic and political developments in the age of German imperialism, the study hopefully contributes to a better understanding of the special relationship between Ireland and Germany in the 20th century.