In these lectures published posthumously in 1894, the biblical scholar and theologian Fenton John Anthony Hort draws on his work on the early Christian Church and its transition from Judaism in the Apostolic period. Throughout his career, Hort devoted himself to the study of Christian history and to the joint editorship of a critical edition of the New Testament in Greek and, later, modern English. In his last years teaching at Cambridge University, his efforts centred on proving a first-century dating for the New Testament books, and researching the history and development of the church as described in them. The lectures in this volume respond to arguments of Hort's contemporaries, notably F. C. Baur and the Tübingen school, for a second-century dating. To support his case, Hort examines the relationship between Judaistic, Gentile and Pauline Christianity and analyses New Testament accounts of Christ's attitude to the Jewish faith.