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IPv6 Security: Cisco Press Networking Technology

Autor Scott Hogg
en Limba Engleză Paperback – 30 noi 2008
IPv6 Security
Protection measures for the next Internet Protocol
As the world's networks migrate to the IPv6 protocol, networking professionals need a clearer understanding of the security risks, threats, and challenges this transition presents. In IPv6 Security, two of the world's leading Internet security practitioners review each potential security issue introduced by IPv6 networking and present today's best solutions.
IPv6 Security offers guidance for avoiding security problems prior to widespread IPv6 deployment. The book covers every component of today's networks, identifying specific security deficiencies that occur within IPv6 environments and demonstrating how to combat them.
The authors describe best practices for identifying and resolving weaknesses as you maintain a dual stack network. Then they describe the security mechanisms you need to implement as you migrate to an IPv6-only network. The authors survey the techniques hackers might use to try to breach your network, such as IPv6 network reconnaissance, address spoofing, traffic interception, denial of service, and tunnel injection.
The authors also turn to Cisco® products and protection mechanisms. You learn how to use Cisco IOS® and ASA firewalls and ACLs to selectively filter IPv6 traffic. You also learn about securing hosts with Cisco Security Agent 6.0 and about securing a network with IOS routers and switches. Multiple examples are explained for Windows, Linux, FreeBSD, and Solaris hosts. The authors offer detailed examples that are consistent with today's best practices and easy to adapt to virtually any IPv6 environment.
Scott Hogg, CCIE® No. 5133, is Director of Advanced Technology Services at Global Technology Resources, Inc. (GTRI). He is responsible for setting the company's technical direction and helping it create service offerings for emerging technologies such as IPv6. He is the Chair of the Rocky Mountain IPv6 Task Force.
Eric Vyncke, Cisco Distinguished System Engineer, consults on security issues throughout Europe. He has 20 years' experience in security and teaches security seminars as a guest professor at universities throughout Belgium. He also participates in the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and has helped several organizations deploy IPv6 securely.
  • Understand why IPv6 is already a latent threat in your IPv4-only network
  • Plan ahead to avoid IPv6 security problems before widespread deployment
  • Identify known areas of weakness in IPv6 security and the current state of attack tools and hacker skills
  • Understand each high-level approach to securing IPv6 and learn when to use each
  • Protect service provider networks, perimeters, LANs, and host/server connections
  • Harden IPv6 network devices against attack
  • Utilize IPsec in IPv6 environments
  • Secure mobile IPv6 networks
  • Secure transition mechanisms in use during the migration from IPv4 to IPv6
  • Monitor IPv6 security
  • Understand the security implications of the IPv6 protocol, including issues related to ICMPv6 and the IPv6 header structure
  • Protect your network against large-scale threats by using perimeter filtering techniques and service provider-focused security practices
  • Understand the vulnerabilities that exist on IPv6 access networks and learn solutions for mitigating each
This security book is part of the Cisco Press® Networking Technology Series. Security titles from Cisco Press help networking professionals secure critical data and resources, prevent and mitigate network attacks, and build end-to-end self-defending networks.
Category: Networking: Security
Covers: IPv6 Security
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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9781587055942
ISBN-10: 1587055945
Pagini: 540
Dimensiuni: 183 x 229 x 36 mm
Greutate: 0.91 kg
Ediția:1
Editura: Cisco Press
Seria Cisco Press Networking Technology

Locul publicării:Indianapolis, United States

Descriere

IPv6 Security
 
Protection measures for the next Internet Protocol
 
As the world’s networks migrate to the IPv6 protocol, networking professionals need a clearer understanding of the security risks, threats, and challenges this transition presents. In IPv6 Security, two of the world’s leading Internet security practitioners review each potential security issue introduced by IPv6 networking and present today’s best solutions.
 
IPv6 Security offers guidance for avoiding security problems prior to widespread IPv6 deployment. The book covers every component of today’s networks, identifying specific security deficiencies that occur within IPv6 environments and demonstrating how to combat them.
 
The authors describe best practices for identifying and resolving weaknesses as you maintain a dual stack network. Then they describe the security mechanisms you need to implement as you migrate to an IPv6-only network. The authors survey the techniques hackers might use to try to breach your network, such as IPv6 network reconnaissance, address spoofing, traffic interception, denial of service, and tunnel injection.
 
The authors also turn to Cisco® products and protection mechanisms. You learn how to use Cisco IOS® and ASA firewalls and ACLs to selectively filter IPv6 traffic. You also learn about securing hosts with Cisco Security Agent 6.0 and about securing a network with IOS routers and switches. Multiple examples are explained for Windows, Linux, FreeBSD, and Solaris hosts. The authors offer detailed examples that are consistent with today’s best practices and easy to adapt to virtually any IPv6 environment.
 
Scott Hogg, CCIE® No. 5133, is Director of Advanced Technology Services at Global Technology Resources, Inc. (GTRI). He is responsible for setting the company’s technical direction and helping it create service offerings for emerging technologies such as IPv6. He is the Chair of the Rocky Mountain IPv6 Task Force.
 
Eric Vyncke, Cisco Distinguished System Engineer, consults on security issues throughout Europe. He has 20 years’ experience in security and teaches security seminars as a guest professor at universities throughout Belgium. He also participates in the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and has helped several organizations deploy IPv6 securely.
 
  • Understand why IPv6 is already a latent threat in your IPv4-only network
  • Plan ahead to avoid IPv6 security problems before widespread deployment
  • Identify known areas of weakness in IPv6 security and the current state of attack tools and hacker skills
  • Understand each high-level approach to securing IPv6 and learn when to use each
  • Protect service provider networks, perimeters, LANs, and host/server connections
  • Harden IPv6 network devices against attack
  • Utilize IPsec in IPv6 environments
  • Secure mobile IPv6 networks
  • Secure transition mechanisms in use during the migration from IPv4 to IPv6
  • Monitor IPv6 security
  • Understand the security implications of the IPv6 protocol, including issues related to ICMPv6 and the IPv6 header structure
  • Protect your network against large-scale threats by using perimeter filtering techniques and service provider–focused security practices
  • Understand the vulnerabilities that exist on IPv6 access networks and learn solutions for mitigating each
 
 
This security book is part of the Cisco Press® Networking Technology Series. Security titles from Cisco Press help networking professionals secure critical data and resources, prevent and mitigate network attacks, and build end-to-end self-defending networks.
 
Category: Networking: Security
Covers: IPv6 Security
 
 

Cuprins

    Introduction
Chapter 1 Introduction to IPv6 Security
Reintroduction to IPv6 3
IPv6 Update 6
IPv6 Vulnerabilities 7
Hacker Experience 8
IPv6 Security Mitigation Techniques 9
Summary
Recommended Readings and Resources
Chapter 2 IPv6 Protocol Security Vulnerabilities
The IPv6 Protocol Header
    ICMPv6
        ICMPv6 Functions and Message Types
        ICMPv6 Attacks and Mitigation Techniques
    Multicast Security
Extension Header Threats
    Extension Header Overview
    Extension Header Vulnerabilities
    Hop-by-Hop Options Header and Destination Options Header
        IPv6 Extension Header Fuzzing
        Router Alert Attack
    Routing Headers
        RH0 Attack
        Preventing RH0 Attacks
        Additional Router Header Attack Mitigation Techniques
    Fragmentation Header
        Overview of Packet Fragmentation Issues
        Fragmentation Attacks
        Preventing Fragmentation Attacks
        Virtual Fragment Reassembly
    Unknown Option Headers
    Upper-Layer Headers
Reconnaissance on IPv6 Networks
    Scanning and Assessing the Target
        Registry Checking
        Automated Reconnaissance
    Speeding Up the Scanning Process
        Leveraging Multicast for Reconnaissance
        Automated Reconnaissance Tools
        Sniffing to Find Nodes
        Neighbor Cache
        Node Information Queries
    Protecting Against Reconnaissance Attacks
Layer 3 and Layer 4 Spoofing
Summary
References
Chapter 3 IPv6 Internet Security
Large-Scale Internet Threats
    Packet Flooding
    Internet Worms
        Worm Propagation
        Speeding Worm Propagation in IPv6
        Current IPv6 Worms
        Preventing IPv6 Worms
    Distributed Denial of Service and Botnets
        DDoS on IPv6 Networks
        Attack Filtering
        Attacker Traceback
        Black Holes and Dark Nets
Ingress/Egress Filtering
    Filtering IPv6 Traffic
    Filtering on Allocated Addresses
    Bogon Filtering
    Bogon Filtering Challenges and Automation
Securing BGP Sessions
    Explicitly Configured BGP Peers
    Using BGP Session Shared Secrets
    Leveraging an IPsec Tunnel
    Using Loopback Addresses on BGP Peers
    Controlling the Time-to-Live (TTL) on BGP Packets
    Filtering on the Peering Interface
    Using Link-Local Peering
        Link-Local Addresses and the BGP Next-Hop Address
        Drawbacks of Using Link-Local Addresses
    Preventing Long AS Paths
    Limiting the Number of Prefixes Received
    Preventing BGP Updates Containing Private AS Numbers
    Maximizing BGP Peer Availability
        Disabling Route-Flap Dampening
        Disabling Fast External Fallover
        Enabling Graceful Restart and Route Refresh or Soft Reconfiguration
        BGP Connection Resets
    Logging BGP Neighbor Activity
    Securing IGP
    Extreme Measures for Securing Communications Between BGP Peers
IPv6 over MPLS Security
    Using Static IPv6 over IPv4 Tunnels Between PE Routers
    Using 6PE
    Using 6VPE to Create IPv6-Aware VRFs
Customer Premises Equipment
Prefix Delegation Threats
    SLAAC
    DHCPv6
Multihoming Issues
Summary
References
Chapter 4 IPv6 Perimeter Security
IPv6 Firewalls
    Filtering IPv6 Unallocated Addresses
    Additional Filtering Considerations
        Firewalls and IPv6 Headers
        Inspecting Tunneled Traffic
        Layer 2 Firewalls
        Firewalls Generate ICMP Unreachables
        Logging and Performance
    Firewalls and NAT
Cisco IOS Router ACLs
    Implicit IPv6 ACL Rules
    Internet ACL Example
    IPv6 Reflexive ACLs
Cisco IOS Firewall
    Configuring IOS Firewall
    IOS Firewall Example
    IOS Firewall Port-to-Application Mapping for IPv6
Cisco PIX/ASA/FWSM Firewalls
    Configuring Firewall Interfaces
    Management Access
    Configuring Routes
    Security Policy Configuration
    Object Group Policy Configuration
    Fragmentation Protection
    Checking Traffic Statistics
    Neighbor Discovery Protocol Protections
Summary
References
Chapter 5 Local Network Security
Why Layer 2 Is Important
ICMPv6 Layer 2 Vulnerabilities for IPv6
    Stateless Address Autoconfiguration Issues
    Neighbor Discovery Issues
    Duplicate Address Detection Issues
    Redirect Issues
ICMPv6 Protocol Protection
    Secure Neighbor Discovery
    Implementing CGA Addresses in Cisco IOS
    Understanding the Challenges with SEND
Network Detection of ICMPv6 Attacks
    Detecting Rogue RA Messages
    Detecting NDP Attacks
Network Mitigation Against ICMPv6 Attacks
    Rafixd
    Reducing the Target Scope
    IETF Work
    Extending IPv4 Switch Security to IPv6
Privacy Extension Addresses for the Better and the Worse
DHCPv6 Threats and Mitigation
    Threats Against DHCPv6
    Mitigating DHCPv6 Attacks
        Mitigating the Starvation Attack
        Mitigating the DoS Attack
        Mitigating the Scanning
        Mitigating the Rogue DHCPv6 Server
Point-to-Point Link
Endpoint Security
Summary
References
Chapter 6 Hardening IPv6 Network Devices
Threats Against Network Devices
Cisco IOS Versions
Disabling Unnecessary Network Services
    Interface Hardening
Limiting Router Access
    Physical Access Security
    Securing Console Access
    Securing Passwords
    VTY Port Access Controls
    AAA for Routers
    HTTP Access
IPv6 Device Management
    Loopback and Null Interfaces
    Management Interfaces
    Securing SNMP Communications
Threats Against Interior Routing Protocol
    RIPng Security
    EIGRPv6 Security
    IS-IS Security
    OSPF Version 3 Security
First-Hop Redundancy Protocol Security
    Neighbor Unreachability Detection
    HSRPv6
    GLBPv6
Controlling Resources
    Infrastructure ACLs
    Receive ACLs
    Control Plane Policing
QoS Threats
Summary
References
Chapter 7 Server and Host Security
IPv6 Host Security
    Host Processing of ICMPv6
    Services Listening on Ports
        Microsoft Windows
        Linux
        BSD
        Sun Solaris
    Checking the Neighbor Cache
        Microsoft Windows
        Linux
        BSD
        Sun Solaris
    Detecting Unwanted Tunnels
        Microsoft Windows
        Linux
        BSD
        Sun Solaris
    IPv6 Forwarding
        Microsoft Windows
        Linux
        BSD
        Sun Solaris
    Address Selection Issues
        Microsoft Windows
        Linux
        BSD
        Sun Solaris
Host Firewalls
    Microsoft Windows Firewall
    Linux Firewalls
    BSD Firewalls
        OpenBSD Packet Filter
        ipfirewall
        IPFilter
    Sun Solaris
Securing Hosts with Cisco Security Agent 6.0
Summary
References
Chapter 8 IPsec and SSL Virtual Private Networks
IP Security with IPv6
    IPsec Extension Headers
    IPsec Modes of Operation
    Internet Key Exchange (IKE)
        IKE Version 2
    IPsec with Network Address Translation
    IPv6 and IPsec
Host-to-Host IPsec
Site-to-Site IPsec Configuration
    IPv6 IPsec over IPv4 Example
        Configuring IPv6 IPsec over IPv4
        Verifying the IPsec State
        Adding Some Extra Security
        Dynamic Crypto Maps for Multiple Sites
    IPv6 IPsec Example
        Configuring IPsec over IPv6
        Checking the IPsec Status
    Dynamic Multipoint VPN
        Configuring DMVPN for IPv6
        Verifying the DMVPN at the Hub
        Verifying the DMVPN at the Spoke
Remote Access with IPsec
SSL VPNs
Summary
References
Chapter 9 Security for IPv6 Mobility
Mobile IPv6 Operation
MIPv6 Messages
    Indirect Mode
    Home Agent Address Determination
    Direct Mode
Threats Linked to MIPv6
    Protecting the Mobile Device Software
    Rogue Home Agent
    Mobile Media Security
    Man-in-the-Middle Threats
    Connection Interception
    Spoofing MN-to-CN Bindings
    DoS Attacks
Using IPsec with MIPv6
Filtering for MIPv6
    Filters at the CN
    Filters at the MN/Foreign Link
    Filters at the HA
Other IPv6 Mobility Protocols
    Additional IETF Mobile IPv6 Protocols
    Network Mobility (NEMO)
    IEEE .16e
    Mobile Ad-hoc Networks
Summary
References
Chapter 10 Securing the Transition Mechanisms
Understanding IPv4-to-IPv6 Transition Techniques
    Dual-Stack
    Tunnels
        Configured Tunnels
        6to4 Tunnels
        ISATAP Tunnels
        Teredo Tunnels
        6VPE
    Protocol Translation
Implementing Dual-Stack Security
    Exploiting Dual-Stack Environment
    Protecting Dual-Stack Hosts
Hacking the Tunnels
    Securing Static Tunnels
    Securing Dynamic Tunnels
        6to4
        ISATAP
        Teredo
    Securing 6VPE
Attacking NAT-PT
IPv6 Latent Threats Against IPv4 Networks
Summary
References
Chapter 11 Security Monitoring
Managing and Monitoring IPv6 Networks
    Router Interface Performance
    Device Performance Monitoring
        SNMP MIBs for Managing IPv6 Networks
        IPv6-Capable SNMP Management Tools
        NetFlow Analysis
    Router Syslog Messages
    Benefits of Accurate Time
Managing IPv6 Tunnels
Using Forensics
Using Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems
    Cisco IPS Version 6.1
    Testing the IPS Signatures
Managing Security Information with CS-MARS
Managing the Security Configuration
Summary
References
Chapter 12 IPv6 Security Conclusions
Comparing IPv4 and IPv6 Security
    Similarities Between IPv4 and IPv6
    Differences Between IPv4 and IPv6
Changing Security Perimeter
Creating an IPv6 Security Policy
    Network Perimeter
    Extension Headers
    LAN Threats
    Host and Device Hardening
    Transition Mechanisms
    IPsec
    Security Management
On the Horizon
Consolidated List of Recommendations
Summary
References
 
 
1587055945    TOC    11/25/2008

Notă biografică

Scott Hogg, CCIE No. 5133, has been a network computing consultant for more than 17 years. Scott provides network engineering, security consulting, and training services, focusing on creating reliable, high-performance, secure, manageable, and cost-effective network solutions. He has a bachelor’s degree in computer science from Colorado State University and a master’s degree in telecommunications from the University of Colorado. In addition to his CCIE he has his CISSP (No. 4610) and many other vendor and industry certifications. Scott has designed, implemented, and troubleshot networks for many large enterprises, service providers, and government organizations. For the past eight years, Scott has been researching IPv6 technologies. Scott has written several white papers on IPv6 and has given numerous presentations and demonstrations of IPv6 technologies. He is also currently the chair of the Rocky Mountain IPv6 Task Force and the Director of Advanced Technology Services at Global Technology Resources, Inc. (GTRI), a Cisco Gold partner headquartered in Denver, Colorado.
 
Eric Vynckeis a Distinguished System Engineer for Cisco working as a technical consultant for security covering Europe. His main area of expertise for 20 years has been security from Layer 2 to applications. He has helped several organizations deploy IPv6 securely. For the past eight years, Eric has participated in the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) (he is the author of RFC 3585). Eric is a frequent speaker at security events (notably Cisco Live [formerly Networkers]) and is also a guest professor at Belgian Universities for security seminars. He has a master’s degree in computer science engineering from the University of Liège in Belgium. He worked as a research assistant in the same university before joining Network Research Belgium, where he was the head of R&D; he then joined Siemens as a project manager for security projects including a proxy firewall. He coauthored the Cisco Press book LAN Switch Security: What Hackers Know About Your Switches. He is CISSP No. 75165.
 

Textul de pe ultima copertă

"IPv6 Security" Protection measures for the next Internet Protocol As the world's networks migrate to the IPv6 protocol, networking professionals need a clearer understanding of the security risks, threats, and challenges this transition presents. In IPv6 Security, two of the world's leading Internet security practitioners review each potential security issue introduced by IPv6 networking and present today's best solutions. "IPv6 Security" offers guidance for avoiding security problems prior to widespread IPv6 deployment. The book covers every component of today's networks, identifying specific security deficiencies that occur within IPv6 environments and demonstrating how to combat them. The authors describe best practices for identifying and resolving weaknesses as you maintain a dual stack network. Then they describe the security mechanisms you need to implement as you migrate to an IPv6-only network. The authors survey the techniques hackers might use to try to breach your network, such as IPv6 network reconnaissance, address spoofing, traffic interception, denial of service, and tunnel injection. The authors also turn to Cisco(R) products and protection mechanisms. You learn how to use Cisco IOS(R) and ASA firewalls and ACLs to selectively filter IPv6 traffic. You also learn about securing hosts with Cisco Security Agent 6.0 and about securing a network with IOS routers and switches. Multiple examples are explained for Windows, Linux, FreeBSD, and Solaris hosts. The authors offer detailed examples that are consistent with today's best practices and easy to adapt to virtually any IPv6 environment. Scott Hogg, CCIE(R) No. 5133, is Director of Advanced Technology Services at Global Technology Resources, Inc. (GTRI). He is responsible for setting the company's technical direction and helping it create service offerings for emerging technologies such as IPv6. He is the Chair of the Rocky Mountain IPv6 Task Force. Eric Vyncke, Cisco Distinguished System Engineer, consults on security issues throughout Europe. He has 20 years' experience in security and teaches security seminars as a guest professor at universities throughout Belgium. He also participates in the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and has helped several organizations deploy IPv6 securely.
  • Understand why IPv6 is already a latent threat in your IPv4-only network
  • Plan ahead to avoid IPv6 security problems before widespread deployment
  • Identify known areas of weakness in IPv6 security and the current state of attack tools and hacker skills
  • Understand each high-level approach to securing IPv6 and learn when to use each
  • Protect service provider networks, perimeters, LANs, and host/server connections
  • Harden IPv6 network devices against attack
  • Utilize IPsec in IPv6 environments
  • Secure mobile IPv6 networks
  • Secure transition mechanisms in use during the migration from IPv4 to IPv6
  • Monitor IPv6 security
  • Understand the security implications of the IPv6 protocol, including issues related to ICMPv6 and the IPv6 header structure
  • Protect your network against large-scale threats by using perimeter filtering techniques and service provider-focused security practices
  • Understand the vulnerabilities that exist on IPv6 access networks and learn solutions for mitigating each
This security book is part of the Cisco Press(R) Networking Technology Series. Security titles from Cisco Press help networking professionals secure critical data and resources, prevent and mitigate network attacks, and build end-to-end self-defending networks. Category: Networking: SecurityCovers: IPv6 Security