The scientific study of proteins is known as proteomics. Proteins perform various essential functions in living organisms. Proteomes are the sets of proteins that are modified and created by an organism. It is useful in identification of the increasing number of proteins. Proteomics utilizes the genetic information provided by various genome projects such as the human genome project. It explores the proteomes from several levels of protein composition, structure and activity. Proteomics is a vital component of functional genomics which attempts to explain the functions and interactions of genes. Some of the processes studied within this discipline are protein exploration, protein interactions, protein phosphorylation, etc. The topics included in this book on proteomics are of utmost significance and bound to provide incredible insights to readers. Such selected concepts that redefine this field have been presented herein. Through this book, we attempt to further enlighten the readers about the new concepts in this field.