Maintaining interpersonal relationships is essential for individuals to achieve successful human social interactions and healthy human development. As such, this book adds to our knowledge about how to develop interpersonal relationships wisely and strategically among individuals of different roles in a variety of dyadic relationships. The book addresses intriguing issues that reflect novel developments and relevant challenges in the field of interpersonal relationships, especially via works conducted with the dyadic approach to interpersonal synchrony and interpersonal divergence. It characterizes how the dyadic relationship is a crucial factor in successful healthcare treatment in clinical settings, gives an overview of how the dyadic approach reveals the role of interdependence between individuals within educational and counseling pairs, and demonstrates how the quality of interpersonal relationships contributes to organizational citizenship behaviors in organizational and management settings.