The hallmark of insulin resistance is an obstacle to glucose uptake, resulting in hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia as well as type 2 diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is rapidly increasing world-wide and is becoming an important health problem. In this book, the authors present current research in the study of insulin resistance including: the pathophysiological basis for antioxidant therapy of insulin resistance; new insight into the regulation of insulin resistance; burn injury and its association with insulin resistance and hyperglycemia which complicates clinical management; and lipoprotein lipase and its role in insulin resistance.