This book examines The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria and the corresponding basic facts, U.S. contributions and issues for Congress. The Global Fund was established in January 2002 as a public-private partnership that could provide significant financial support for global response to these infectious diseases. At that time, health experts were particularly concerned about the rapid spread of HIV/AIDS around the world, the massive number of deaths that resulted from HIV infection, and limited access to treatments against the three diseases, particularly HIV/AIDS. The Global Fund was developed to be an innovative financing mechanism that would attract additional financial resources for the global fight against the three diseases in developing countries and was never intended to directly implement related programs.