In this book, the authors present topical research in the study of the synthesis, types and applications of hydroxides. Topics include synthetic approaches to ion-exchangeable metal hydroxides; layered double hydroxides as sorbents for environmental remediation; sodium and potassium hydroxides for preparing superior quality activated carbons; delamination of layered double hydroxides; anionic depollution by layered hydroxides; and ceramic pigments from mixed hydroxides with hydrotalcite-like structures.