The biological field in which the functions and structure of human genes are studied at the molecular level is referred to as human molecular genetics. It uses various tools from molecular biology and genetics. The molecular basis of biological activity between biomolecules in the diverse systems of a cell is studied under molecular biology. Genetics deals with the study of genes, heredity and genetic variation in organisms. Human molecular genetics finds its application in the study of developmental biology as well as in the treatment of genetic diseases. There are diverse techniques that are used within this field such as forward genetics, reverse genetics and DNA replication. This book attempts to understand the multiple branches that fall under human molecular genetics and how such concepts have practical applications. The topics covered herein deal with the core aspects of this field. This book includes contributions of experts and scientists which will provide innovative insights into this field.