This book is based on the Census of India data, 2011(H-series) on housing and household amenities. Annual Health Survey 2012-2013, Fact Sheet of Odisha, Statistical Abstract of Odisha and Economic Survey of Odisha helps to analysis and established the overall study. It examines the quantity and quality of housing stock and its availability across the rural and urban area in order to determine the magnitude and nature of inequality throughout the 30 districts in Odisha, insofar as the access to housing and household amenities are concerned. Here also describe about availability of basic amenities and its relationship with health and hygiene. Sufficient availability of basic amenities ensuring better health environment and provide opportunities for the other useful activities. The fulfilment of basic amenities of the population is not even among the districts of Odisha which calculated through Z- score and composite index. The Southern Odisha especially the tribal dominated districts are very deprived in respect to availability of basic amenities. Coastal districts of Odisha are access better facilities in both urban and rural region.