Recent decades have witnessed a remarkable flourishing in Hesiodic scholarship, and our views on Hesiod and his major works have undergone significant changes. This volume presents an overview of the key issues in the most recent research on Hesiod, the Theogony and the Works and Days. Hugo Koning covers areas that are moving to a new consensus but focuses especially on those questions that see the liveliest debate today, such as Hesiod’s poetics, the complementarity of his poems, the matter of orality, Hesiod’s theology, the interaction with the literary traditions of the Near East, and modern reception studies. Finally, the volume also offers the latest attempts to take on some of Hesiod’s traditionally toughest riddles: the poetic initiation scene, the duel of wits between Zeus and Prometheus, the fable of the hawk and the nightingale, and the unsolvable problem of Hope.