The Book of Proverbs plays almost no role at all in the current discussion on the status of the Torah in the post-exile era. This study casts light on traditional background of Prov 2 and, on this basis, investigates the composition of Prov 1–9. It shows that the Book of Proverbs can be assigned to a theological debate that was held on the relationship between wisdom and the Torah and that was reflected in literary terms in the composition and editing of the Book.