Based on qualitative research focused on literacy and health from three schools in coastal Kenya, this book examines country, school, and family contexts to develop a dual-generation maternal-child model for literacy learning and to connect local-specific phenomena with national and international policy arenas. In contrast to international development organizations’ educational policies and programs that tend to ignore literacy as a social practice within diverse contexts, the author unpacks the relationship between education and health, and the role of family and mothers in particular, highlighting how mothers are key actors in children’s literacy development and health outcomes.