The First World War and the question of its impact on the negotiation of Jewish difference have for a long time been neglected and under-researched topics in the field of modern history. In this context, analyses of Jewish war experiences were either non-existent or stood in the shadow of the history of the Holocaust. This trend has been somewhat countered over the last years. But despite the fact that the dilemma between transnational Jewish solidarity and national (civic) loyalties has gained more attention among scholars working in the field of Jewish as well as general history, these studies remain within a national framework. Sarah Panter seeks to overcome these limitations and break new ground by writing the first systematic comparative and transnational history of war-time debates concerning the meanings and implications of Jewishness in German- and English-speaking countries.