Geoscience is a natural science which deals with the study of the Earth, its physical constitution and its atmosphere. The understanding of the Earth's interior provides insights into plate tectonics, and the formation of volcanoes, mountain ranges and earthquakes. The mechanisms responsible for the sustenance of life on Earth, and water and atmosphere retention can be understood from a study of the Earth's atmosphere and magnetic field. Geoscience encompasses various domains such as atmospheric chemistry, hydrometeorology, hydrology, biogeochemistry, paleontology, oceanography, geology, geophysics, geomorphology, etc. These studies rely on a combination of observational, theoretical and experimental approaches. This book is compiled in such a manner, that it will provide in-depth knowledge about the concepts and applied principles of geosciences. The aim of this book is to present researches that have transformed this discipline and aided its advancement. Students, researchers, experts and all associated with geoscience will benefit alike from this book.