George Con’s De Duplici Statu Religionis Apud Scotos, has long been known to historians of the Scottish Reformation, and long ignored. It presents an alternative narrative to the partisan histories of Knox and Buchanan, vigorously proclaiming Scotland’s place in, and contribution to, the Catholic world. It provides insight into how Catholics viewed themselves after the absolute suppression of their religion. Con’s own enforced exile in order to gain the education denied to Catholics gives authenticity to his sense of outrage at what he saw as the destruction of Scotland’s rich heritage of Catholic religious culture. This book is a significant contribution to Catholic historiography.