This book encompasses on subjects like Biodiversity of vegetable crops; Efficient management of plant genetic resources through use of core collections; Collection, characterization and conservation of indigenous germplasm; In-situ conservation approaches; IPR in relation to germplasm management; GM crops-their bio safety issues and regulation; bioinformatics tools for diversity analysis; biochemical characterization and tolerance mechanism to cold stress. The editors and authors have tried their best to bring in most of the facts and recent findings on the discussed chapters in a lucid manner.