Function and Biosynthesis of Lipids: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, cartea 83

In memoriam—Professor Werner Seubert.- A short history of the biochemistry of lipids in Argentina (Opening address).- Opening Lecture.- The role of dolichol in protein glycosylation.- I. Lipid Involvement in the Biogenesis of Membranes.- (A) Biosynthesis of fatty acids.- The role of lipid in stearyl CoA desaturation.- Biosynthetic pathways of polyunsaturated fatty acids.- The specificity of mammalian desaturases.- Regulation of the ?9 desaturation.- Regulatory function of ?6 desaturase—Key enzyme of polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis.- Saturated and mono-unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in brain: relation to development in normal and dysmyelinating mutant mice.- Protein factor involved in fatty acid desaturation of linoleic acid.- Biosynthesis of lipids in tumoral cells.- Specificity of ?6 desaturase. Effect of chain length and number of double bonds.- Fetal accumulation of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids.- Materno-fetal transfer of 14C linoleic and arachidonic acids.- (B) Biogenesis and organization of cellular membranes.- On the asymmetric composition of plasma membranes.- Influence of the lipid environment on the properties of rhodopsin in the photoreceptor membrane.- Approaches to the biochemistry of regeneration in the central nervous system.- 3-D-(?)Hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase from rat liver mitochondria — Purification and interaction with phospholipids.- The role of phospholipids in Na-K ATPase.- Interactions with phospholipid monolayers of lipids and water-soluble compounds that induce membrane fusion.- The lipid composition and Ca transport function of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membranes during development in vivo and in vitro.- Lipid metabolism during development in insects.- Composition and metabolism of phospholipids during earlystages of vertebrate embryonic development.- II. Glycosphingolipids—Gangliosides.- Structural specificity of gangliosides.- The biosynthesis of brain gangliosides—Evidence for a “transient pool” and an “end product pool” of gangliosides.- Effects of brain gangliosides on reinnervation of fast-twitch rat skeletal muscle.- Studies on the functions of gangliosides in the central nervous system.- The biosynthesis of gangliosides and sialoglycoproteins in bovine retina.- Possible presence of psychosine in brain.- III. Lipids in Neural Tissue.- (A) Biosynthesis and turnover.- Transformations of the polyunsaturated fatty acids in the brain.- The significance of base-exchange reactions in lipid metabolism.- Metabolism of phosphatidylcholine in the central nervous system.- Metabolic studies on ethanolamine phosphoglycerides in neuronal and glial cells.- Metabolic relation between phosphatidic acids, CDP-diglycerides, and phosphoinositides.- Neobiosynthesis of phosphatidylinositol and of other glycerolipids in the entire cattle retina.- Phosphatidate, phosphatidylinositol, diacylglycerols, and free fatty acids in the brain following electroshock, anoxia, or ischemia.- Acyl groups, molecular species, and labeling by 14C-glycerol and 3H-arachidonic acid of vertebrate retina glycerolipids.- (B) Functions.- Effect of phospholipid liposomes on the regulation of cerebral metabolism.- Metabolism of phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylinositol in relation to transmitter release from synaptosomes.- Metabolism and role of phosphatidylinositol in acetylcholine-stimulated membrane function.- The possible involvement of phosphatidylinositol breakdown in the mechanism of stimulus-response coupling at receptors which control cell-surface calcium gates.- The biosynthesis ofprostaglandins and thromboxanes by nervous tissue.- The relationship between cholinergic proteolipid and proteodetergent in Torpedo electroplax membranes.- Effects of divalent cations, K+, and X-537A on glycerolipid metabolism in the cattle retina.- Effects of temperature, ionic environment, and light flashes on the glycerolipid neosynthesis in the toad retina.- Muscarinic cholinergic stimulation of phosphatidylinositol turnover in the CNS.- Selective lipid alterations during experimental allergic encephalomyelitis—An interpretation of the changes.- IV. Essential Fatty Acids in Nutrition.- Essential fatty acids in human nutrition.- Essential fatty acids: what level in the diet is most desirable?.- The relationship between membrane fatty acids and the development of the rat retina.- Dietary essential fatty acids, brain polyunsaturated fatty acids, and prostaglandin biosynthesis.- Essential fatty acids in testes.- Membrane structure and function with different lipid-supplemented diets.- Effect of thyroxine on ?6 and ?9 desaturation activity.- Biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids from the linoleic acid family in cultured cells.