The main purpose of this manual is to raise awareness of the sorts of technical, operational, and financial resources that would be required to reduce and eventually eliminate malaria, the timelines over which such reductions are likely to be achieved, and how they can be sustained. This knowledge is essential in order to plan strategically for long-term success. More detailed, context-specific planning will be an important next step after working through the general approach set out in the document.This document aims to assist malaria programs in evaluating whether elimination, or other reductions in malaria, represents a feasible and appropriate goal in a defined area, based on careful consideration of what reductions in transmission are likely to occur given the intrinsic malaria burden, the levels of program coverage that can be reached, and the financial investment available.