The book focuses on flame-retardant materials and their industrial significance. It covers a broad spectrum of retardants, including biomass-derived, synthetic, mineral-based, and nanotechnology-enabled systems. Keywords: MXenes (MOFs), Electrospun Networks, Fire Safety, Textiles, Paints, Polymers, Electronics, Sensors, Batteries, Green Flame Retardants, Nanoscale Barrier Effects, Electrospun Polymeric Matrices, Flame-Retardant Strategies, Lithium-Ion and Solid-State Batteries, Ignition Behavior, Heat Release, Smoke Generation, Charring.