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Fifth Sun: A New History of the Aztecs de Camilla Townsend

Fifth Sun: A New History of the Aztecs: Oxford University Press

Autor Camilla Townsend
en Limba Engleză Paperback – 4 noi 2021

Observăm în Fifth Sun o monografie istorică ce reușește să răstoarne narativul tradițional al cuceririi Mexicului, oferind, pentru prima dată, o istorie a aztecilor bazată integral pe propriile lor consemnări. Deși manualele de istorie au perpetuat secole la rând versiunea spaniolă a evenimentelor din 1519, Camilla Townsend demonstrează că alfabetul latin, introdus de europeni, a fost rapid însușit de nativi pentru a documenta, în limba Nahuatl, o realitate mult mai nuanțată. Subliniem faptul că volumul nu prezintă poporul Mexica drept niște figuri exotice sau sângeroase, ci ca pe o societate complexă care a supraviețuit traumei coloniale prin adaptare, tehnologie și diplomație.

Cititorii familiarizați cu The Nahuas After the Conquest de James Lockhart vor aprecia modul în care Camilla Townsend transformă rigoarea academică a analizei documentelor Nahuatl într-o narațiune umanizată și fluidă. În timp ce Lockhart a stabilit standardul pentru studiul filologic al documentelor indigene, Townsend aduce o dimensiune empatică, concentrându-se pe reziliența culturală. Această lucrare se integrează perfect în corpusul autoarei, continuând efortul de recuperare a vocilor indigene început în Annals of Native America și The Aztec Myths, dar cu o focalizare mai strânsă pe tranziția politică și socială de la „al cincilea soare” la noua eră colonială. Stilul este precis, evitând senzaționalismul, și oferă o structură narativă care permite înțelegerea continuității istorice a acestui popor, dincolo de momentul căderii Tenochtitlanului.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780197577660
ISBN-10: 0197577660
Pagini: 336
Ilustrații: 30 halftones
Dimensiuni: 137 x 208 x 23 mm
Greutate: 0.39 kg
Editura: Oxford University Press
Colecția OUP USA
Seria Oxford University Press

Locul publicării:New York, United States

De ce să citești această carte

Recomandăm această carte oricărui cititor pasionat de istorie care dorește să descopere „cealaltă parte” a poveștii cuceririi Americii. Veți câștiga o perspectivă autentică asupra civilizației aztece, eliberată de miturile europene. Este o lectură esențială pentru studenții la istorie și antropologie, oferind instrumentele necesare pentru a înțelege cum o cultură își poate păstra identitatea în fața unei schimbări radicale, folosind chiar uneltele cuceritorilor.

Despre autor

Camilla Townsend este profesor de istorie la Universitatea Colgate din Hamilton, New York, specializată în istoria Americii Latine și a relațiilor interetnice. Expertiza sa lingvistică în limba Nahuatl i-a permis să acceseze surse primare ignorate timp de secole. Autoarea este recunoscută pentru lucrări precum Tales of Two Cities și a primit premiul NJSAA Collected Primary Sources pentru On the Turtle's Back. Prin opera sa, Townsend s-a stabilit ca o voce autoritară în rescrierea istoriei indigene din perspectiva nativilor, nu a coloniștilor.

Descriere

In November 1519, Hernando Cortés walked along a causeway leading to the capital of the Aztec kingdom and came face to face with Moctezuma. That story--and the story of what happened afterwards--has been told many times, but always following the narrative offered by the Spaniards. After all, we have been taught, it was the Europeans who held the pens. But the Native Americans were intrigued by the Roman alphabet and, unbeknownst to the newcomers, they used it to write detailed histories in their own language of Nahuatl. Until recently, these sources remained obscure, only partially translated, and rarely consulted by scholars. For the first time, in Fifth Sun, the history of the Aztecs is offered in all its complexity based solely on the texts written by the indigenous people themselves. Camilla Townsend presents an accessible and humanized depiction of these native Mexicans, rather than seeing them as the exotic, bloody figures of European stereotypes. The conquest, in this work, is neither an apocalyptic moment, nor an origin story launching Mexicans into existence. The Mexica people had a history of their own long before the Europeans arrived and did not simply capitulate to Spanish culture and colonization. Instead, they realigned their political allegiances, accommodated new obligations, adopted new technologies, and endured. This engaging revisionist history of the Aztecs, told through their own words, explores the experience of a once-powerful people facing the trauma of conquest and finding ways to survive, offering an empathetic interpretation for experts and non-specialists alike.

Recenzii

It is admirable how Townsend exploits the details of microhistory based on Native accounts to answer bigger questions, reveal meanings behind particular events, and offer the reader macro-level conclusions ... through this book we actually experience the past rather than simply read about it. It is not only convincing; it is simply captivating. Townsend has the courage to resort to "poetic license", but even then we do not lose the sense of transparency as the endnotes provide a full disclosure, informing critical readers about exact sources, possible discrepancies, uncertainties about the facts, and the source of the historian's preferred interpretation. By combining deep reading of Native sources with reexperiencing the emotions of their actors and reliving their deeds and decisions, Townsend puts into practice an ideal of historical writing.
A revolutionary history.
Camilla Townsend has made the extraordinary happen. She has written a chronological history of the Mexica (Aztecs) from their origins into the sixteenth century relying principally on documents that they themselves generated...Camilla Townsend has provided scholars and the reading public with a wonderful history of the Mexica. By relying closely on Native texts, she has avoided the tropes normally associated with books on the precontact populations of Mexico. The writing itself is lyrical...Everyone with any interest at all in Mexico should read this work.
Camilla Townsend's incredibly compact and helpful Fifth Sun will serve equally well professional historians, upper-division undergraduate and graduate students, and the general public.
This is the best book on the Aztecs yet written, full stop....The value of Fifth Sun lies in how it rescues Aztecs and Nahuas from centuries of colonialist caricature and renders them human again - fully human, with flaws, people capable of brutal violence but also of deep love.
This wonderfully fresh, readable new work invites you to reconsider everything you think you knew about them.
Spanning the thirteenth to the seventeenth centuries, this book recreates key moments in the Mexica past as the Mexica themselves experienced and remembered them. We meet real men and women whose actions changed the course of history. We see time as the Mexica did, a sequence of years extending unbroken from mythic origins to intrepid migration to imperial splendor to the challenges of living with the Spanish colonial presence. Never before has the Aztecs' own epic story been so vividly and engagingly recounted for readers of English.
From the initial migration southward, to the second generation after the conquest, Fifth Sun is a masterful account of the history of the Aztecs in their own words. A whole world arises from the pages: vivid, complex, and much closer to us than expected. Townsend's understanding of the indigenous annals is unmatched, and her book reads like a novel. You simply cannot put it down.
Never before has the political history of the Aztecs, who knew themselves as the Mexica, been told with such sweeping élan. Townsend brings keen insight into the motivations of the players, be they seasoned warriors, shackled slaves, or calculating concubines. Her gripping narrative, underscoring Aztec tenacity and endurance before and beyond the Spanish conquest, is sure to captivate readers.
Camilla Townsend has an unusually profound understanding of Nahua culture, before and during the colonial period. She also has a rare set of research, linguistic, and writing skills. That combination of expertise and talent make her uniquely positioned to offer us a new book on the Aztecs, one that manages to be-despite the plethora of existing studies-both original and mandatory reading. This is a page-turner that is nonetheless packed with new insights and interpretations.
A compelling drama... After centuries of the end of the Aztec empire being related through a Spanish lens, Fifth Sun and its use of Mexica firsthand accounts and perspectives is a needed corrective. It helps fill in a story that's been one-sided for far too long."
Historian Camilla Townsend continues her groundbreaking work in the field in the marvelous Fifth Sun: A New History of the Aztecs, a dramatic and accessible narrative that tells the story as the Nahuas saw it.
A landmark masterpiece, powerful in its precision and subtle in its weaving of tragedy and glory.
Ms. Townsend has combed the extraordinary accounts of the early colonial era written by indigenous historians to paint a far more complex picture of persistence by the Aztecs and their descendants. It is a vivid account of what Aztec writers and chroniclers had to say about their own history and of a world decimated through constant change and loss... Fifth Sun provides essential reading on the complex cultural fabric of Mexico, helping to rescue a deep and layered history that might otherwise have fallen into oblivion.
Vivid narratives.

Notă biografică

Camilla Townsend is Distinguished Professor of History at Rutgers University. She is the author of numerous books, including Malintzin's Choices: An Indian Woman in the Conquest of Mexico, Pocahontas and the Powhatan Dilemma, and The Annals of Native America: How the Nahuas of Colonial Mexico Kept Their History Alive (OUP, 2016), which won multiple prizes, among them The Albert J. Beveridge Award awarded by the American Historical Association.