New effective nano-objects such as the fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, shungites, graphenes and quantum dots have been widely used now in the research of many scientific and technical groups. The main reason to use the fullerenes, shungites, and quantum dots is connected to their unique energy levels and the high value of electron affinity energy. The basic features of carbon nanotubes and graphenes are regarded to their high conductivity, strong hardness of their C-C bonds as well as complicated and unique mechanisms of charge carrier moving. These peculiarities of carbon nano-objects will be under consideration in this paper to explain their influence on balk and surface optical materials properties with good new advantages. As the result of this discussion and investigation, new areas of application of the nanostructured optical materials and elements can be shown in the optoelectronics and laser optics, medicine, telecommunications, display, microscopy technique, etc. Moreover, the nanostructured materials can be used for example, for development of transparent UV and IR window, for gas storage and solar energy accumulation, as well as in airspace and atomic industry.