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Executive Functions: What They Are, How They Work, and Why They Evolved de Russell A. Barkley

Executive Functions: What They Are, How They Work, and Why They Evolved

Autor Russell A. Barkley
en Limba Engleză Hardback – iun 2012

Această monografie fundamentală semnată de Russell A. Barkley propune o reîncadrare teoretică radicală a funcțiilor executive (EF), extrăgându-le din sfera abstractă a laboratorului și ancorându-le în activitățile pragmatice ale vieții cotidiene. Remarcăm modul în care autorul sintetizează date din neuropsihologie, biologie evoluționistă și genetică comportamentală pentru a defini EF nu doar ca procese cognitive izolate, ci ca mecanisme esențiale pentru supraviețuire și adaptare socială.

Structura volumului reflectă o progresie logică și ierarhică a complexității comportamentale. Primele capitole abordează limitările conceptelor actuale, introducând ulterior modelul „fenotipului extins”. Urmăm apoi o analiză stratificată a nivelurilor de funcționare: de la nivelul instrumental și metodic (auto-direcționare și siguranță de sine), până la nivelurile tactice și strategice care implică reciprocitatea și cooperarea. Cartea culminează cu implicații clinice vitale, oferind o bază solidă pentru evaluarea și managementul tulburărilor de funcție executivă.

Comparabil cu Handbook of Executive Functioning de Sam Goldstein în rigurozitate, volumul de față se distinge prin perspectiva sa evoluționistă unică și prin accentul pus pe utilitatea practică a funcțiilor executive în context social. În timp ce alte lucrări se concentrează pe neuroanatomie, Executive Functions de față face trecerea către un model ecologic. Această lucrare reprezintă o piesă centrală în opera lui Russell A. Barkley, completând lucrările sale axate pe intervenție, precum Managing ADHD in Schools sau Taking Charge of ADHD, prin oferirea fundamentului teoretic necesar înțelegerii profunde a acestor patologii.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9781462505357
ISBN-10: 146250535X
Pagini: 244
Ilustrații: Illustrations
Dimensiuni: 152 x 229 x 28 mm
Greutate: 0.49 kg
Ediția:New.
Editura: Guilford Publications
Colecția Guilford Press

Public țintă

Professional Practice & Development

De ce să citești această carte

Recomandăm această carte profesioniștilor din domeniul sănătății mintale și cercetătorilor care doresc să depășească definițiile clinice restrânse ale funcțiilor executive. Cititorul va câștiga o înțelegere sistemică a modului în care autocontrolul și planificarea au evoluat pentru a susține obiectivele colective. Este un instrument teoretic esențial pentru oricine utilizează scalele de evaluare Barkley, oferind contextul științific necesar pentru o practică clinică bazată pe dovezi.

Despre autor

Russell A. Barkley, PhD, este profesor clinician de psihiatrie la Universitatea de Medicină din Carolina de Sud și un expert de talie mondială în domeniul ADHD. Cu o carieră de peste 40 de ani, a publicat peste 275 de articole științifice și 22 de cărți, fiind totodată fondatorul publicației „The ADHD Report”. Activitatea sa îmbină cercetarea academică cu practica clinică, fiind autorul unor instrumente de evaluare larg utilizate, precum scalele BDEFS. Expertiza sa în tulburările de comportament la copii și adolescenți a modelat standardele contemporane de diagnostic și tratament.

Cuprins

Problems with the Concept of Executive Functioning. The Extended Phenotype: A Foundation for Modeling Executive Functioning. Executive Functioning as an Extended Phenotype. The Instrumental-Self-Directed Level. The Methodical-Self-Reliant Level. The Tactical-Reciprocal Level. The Strategic-Cooperative Level. The Extended Utilitarian Zone. Implications for Understanding Executive Functioning and Its Disorders. Implications for the Assessment and Clinical Management of Deficits in Executive Functioning. References. Index.

Notă biografică

Russell A. Barkley, PhD, ABPP, ABCN, is Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at the Medical University of South Carolina. Dr. Barkley has published numerous books, more than 260 scientific articles and book chapters, and 7 videos on ADHD and related disorders, including childhood defiance. He is also the editor of The ADHD Report newsletter. A frequent conference presenter and speaker who is widely cited in the national media, he is past president of the Section on Clinical Child Psychology (the former Division 12) of the American Psychological Association, and of the International Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology. His website is www.russellbarkley.org.

Recenzii

"For real advances in the field of executive functioning (EF) to occur, we need, first and foremost, a clear definition of the term. Barkley has provided that clarity. He explains what executive functions are, why they are critical to our day-to-day existence, and how they affect society. He justifiably rejects psychometric assessments of executive functions, based on their lack of ecological validity, and instead proposes multilevel assessments grounded in the natural environment. As a clinician working in the real world of people with EF deficits, the fact that Barkley's theory yields logical and applicable strategies for intervention is of great significance to me." - Richard Guare, Center for Learning and Attention Disorders, Portsmouth, New Hampshire, USA
"With this seminal work, Barkley single-handedly initiates a paradigm shift in our understanding of Executive Functioning (EF). Drawing on fields as diverse as neuropsychology, neurobiology, evolutionary biology, behavioral genetics, anthropology, and philosophy, Barkley achieves a masterful synthesis, culminating in a hierarchical model of EF development through eight stages. Of particular value, the model gives rise to ecologically valid strategies for management of EF deficits and clearly enhances our understanding of ADHD and other conditions in which executive dysfunction is prominent. Highly readable, interesting, even exciting to read, this volume will undoubtedly stimulate and guide EF research and clinical applications for decades to come." - Mary V. Solanto, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA 

"With this seminal work, Barkley single-handedly initiates a paradigm shift in our understanding of executive functioning (EF). Drawing on fields as diverse as neuropsychology, neurobiology, evolutionary biology, behavioral genetics, anthropology, and philosophy, he achieves a masterful synthesis, culminating in a hierarchical model of EF development through eight stages. Of particular value, the model gives rise to ecologically valid strategies for management of EF deficits and clearly enhances our understanding of ADHD and other conditions in which executive dysfunction is prominent. Highly readable, interesting, even exciting to read, this volume will undoubtedly stimulate and guide EF research and clinical applications for decades to come."--Mary V. Solanto, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell

"For real advances in the field of executive functioning (EF) to occur, we need, first and foremost, a clear definition of the term. Barkley has provided that clarity. He explains what executive functions are, why they are critical to our day-to-day existence, and how they affect society. He justifiably rejects psychometric assessments of executive functions, based on their lack of ecological validity, and instead proposes multilevel assessments grounded in the natural environment. As a clinician working in the real world of people with EF deficits, the fact that Barkley's theory yields logical and applicable strategies for intervention is of great significance to me."--Richard Guare, PhD, Co-Director, Executive Skills LLC, Rye, New Hampshire

"Barkley has never been one to shy away from new theories and ideas. He is perhaps one of the foremost critical thinkers of our time. Executive Functions is a tour de force of creativity and wide-ranging thinking. Barkley offers a reasoned and reasonable theory to understand the emerging field of EF and its related disorders. The chapter on clinical implications is particularly important for practitioners. This book is essential reading for researchers, clinicians, and students interested in the complexities of brain-behavior relationships and human adaptation."--Sam Goldstein, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine; Clinical Director, Neurology, Learning, and Behavior Center, Salt Lake City

"Barkley presents the best and most comprehensive and systematic overview of the field of EF to date. His coherent theory of EF has the potential to profoundly change the way EF is studied and assessed in clinical populations. In outlining the problems of how to conceptualize and assess EF--and providing compelling evidence for an extended phenotype model--he offers a desperately needed roadmap for future research. This volume should be on the bookshelf of every practicing clinical neuropsychologist, and is a 'must read' for students in neuropsychology and cognitive neuroscience."--Ellen Braaten, PhD, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School-Barkley develops a new framework for thinking about executive functions by describing them through a biological evolutionary paradigm....He shines a new light on a new path to discovering more about executive functions. Although helping to answer many questions, he leaves much to be discovered, in effect tantalizing and prodding the reader to engage in future research endeavors that might bring us closer to understanding executive functions and what makes us human.--PsycCRITIQUES, 1/23/2013Æ’Æ’Barkley...a widely recognized expert, provides a fresh and original look....Barkley's account is deliberately psychological and functional rather than neuroanatomical, and provides an important reconceptualization for those working in the area of EFs. Recommended. Upper-division graduates and above.--Choice Reviews, 12/1/2012Æ’Æ’Readers will find this book fascinating if they take the time to sift through Barkley's findings along with the research data. I know I did, because I have a daughter who struggles with ADHD, and this book weaves the correlation between ADHD and executive functioning (EF) in a way that no other book (to my knowledge) has done before.--The Chronical, 1/22/2015
"For real advances in the field of executive functioning (EF) to occur, we need, first and foremost, a clear definition of the term. Barkley has provided that clarity. He explains what executive functions are, why they are critical to our day-to-day existence, and how they affect society. He justifiably rejects psychometric assessments of executive functions, based on their lack of ecological validity, and instead proposes multilevel assessments grounded in the natural environment. As a clinician working in the real world of people with EF deficits, the fact that Barkley's theory yields logical and applicable strategies for intervention is of great significance to me." - Richard Guare, Center for Learning and Attention Disorders, Portsmouth, New Hampshire, USA "With this seminal work, Barkley single-handedly initiates a paradigm shift in our understanding of Executive Functioning (EF). Drawing on fields as diverse as neuropsychology, neurobiology, evolutionary biology, behavioral genetics, anthropology, and philosophy, Barkley achieves a masterful synthesis, culminating in a hierarchical model of EF development through eight stages. Of particular value, the model gives rise to ecologically valid strategies for management of EF deficits and clearly enhances our understanding of ADHD and other conditions in which executive dysfunction is prominent. Highly readable, interesting, even exciting to read, this volume will undoubtedly stimulate and guide EF research and clinical applications for decades to come." - Mary V. Solanto, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA "Barkley develops a new framework for thinking about executive functions by describing them through a biological evolutionary paradigm...He shines a new light on a new path to discovering more about executive functions. Although helping to answer many questions, he leaves much to be discovered, in effect tantalizing and prodding the reader to engage in future research endeavors that might bring us closer to understanding executive functions and what makes us human." - PsycCRITIQUES (Amelia Davis and Mark S. Gold, Vol. 58, No. 4, January 23, 2013)

Descriere

This groundbreaking book offers a comprehensive theory of Executive Functioning (EF) with important clinical implications. Synthesizing cutting-edge neuropsychological and evolutionary research, Russell A. Barkley presents a model of EF that is rooted in meaningful activities of daily life. He describes how abilities such as emotion regulation, self-motivation, planning, and working memory enable people to pursue both personal and collective goals that are critical to survival. Key stages of EF development are identified and the far-reaching individual and social costs of EF deficits detailed. Barkley explains specific ways that his model may support much-needed advances in assessment and treatment.