Epigenetic changes are heritable and reversible modifications that significantly affect gene expression without any change in DNA sequence. The epigenetic signature is remodelled during the lifespan as a direct consequence of both environment and lifestyle. Therefore, health or disease status strongly depends on epigenetic marks. This book summarizes the current knowledge in the field and includes chapters on epigenetics in plants and epigenetics in health and disease. It is written for a wide audience of basic and clinical scientists, teachers and students interested in gaining a better understanding of epigenetics.