Kann man denken lernen? Welche Rolle spielt die Philosophie in der heutigen Gesellschaft? Können Kinder philosophieren? Kann das Philosophieren kritisches Denken und Toleranz fördern?Diesen und ähnlichen Fragen widmeten sich ExpertInnen aus aller Welt im Rahmen des internationalen Kongresses 'Encouraging Philosophical Thinking' in Graz, Österreich. Die Themen des Kongresses umfassten unter anderem: Die Rolle des Philosophierens, des kritischen, vernetzten Denkens und die Relevanz für aktuelle und insbesondere auch ethische Probleme unserer Zeit. Diese Probleme betreffen Fragen in den Bereichen Denken und Erziehung, Umwelt und Ökologie, Citizenship und Demokratie, sowie interkulturelle Kommunikation und globales Denken.***Can we learn how to think? Which role does philosophy play in contemporary society? Are children capable of philosophical thinking? Can philosophy further independent, critical thinking and tolerance?Experts from all over the world discussed some of these questions during the international conference 'Encouraging Philosophical Thinking' in Graz, Austria. The main topics of the conference were: the role of philosophy, the development of creative and critical thinking and the relevance for current 'especially ethical' problems. These problems refer to questions in the fields thinking and education - environment and ecology - citizenship and democracy and intercultural communication and global thinking.With contributions from: Ann Margaret Sharp: Doing Philosophy in a Global Society · Roger Sutcliffe: Can there be Global Citizenship without Philosophy? · Helena Theodoropoulou: The Children-bolides, the Philosophy (of Education) and the 'Good Conscience' · Tock Keng Lim: Asian Values in Philosophy for Children · Karel L. van der Leeuw: Philosophical Dialogue and the Search for Truth · Rainer Born: Reflecting Dialogue: Sense Making and the Creation of Reflective Sensibility as a Possible Foundation for Children's Philosophy · Daniela G. Camhy, Melanie Untermoser: Philosophical Dialogue in Environmental Education · Ieva Rocena: What is a Proper Place of Philosophy for Children in the Elementary School Curriculum? · Evelina Ivanova: Integration through Art and Philosophy · Monika Pilgerstorfer, Dietrich Albert, Daniela G. Camhy: Considerations on Personalized Training in Philosophy for Children · Catherine McCall: Socrates for Six Year Olds: Theory and Practice · Maughn Gregory: Thinking & Inquiry · Maria J. Figueiroa-Rego: The Practice of Philosophy with Children. Fostering a Culture of Citizenship · Liza Haglund, Charlotte Bagge: An Intentional Analysis of Children's Reasoning in Philosophy - Patterns Revealed · Hannu Juuso, Timo Laine: Tact and Atmosphere in the Pedagogical Relationship