Edward Lear as Victorian Modernist offers a bold new reading of Lear’s limericks as foundational works of literary modernism. Far from being mere nonsense for children, Lear’s picture-limericks—each a fusion of image and verse—operate as bi-modal metaphors that generate meaning through juxtaposition rather than narrative continuity. This interpretive mode, rooted in fragmentation and allusion, aligns closely with modernist aesthetics. Drawing on Lear’s letters and unpublished diaries, this study reveals how the irritants, opinions, and idiosyncrasies of his inner life inform these deceptively playful compositions. Through close literary and visual analysis, this book uncovers a layered taxonomy of human types and social commentary, encompassing themes of individuality, society, sexuality, and more. Many of the limericks, often grotesque and unexpectedly beautiful, emerge as sophisticated works of art. The book also explores Lear’s influence on the evolution of the limerick, particularly its later eroticization. By grounding interpretation in both biography and cultural context, this monograph repositions Lear not as an outlier but as a key figure in the genealogy of modernist expression.