This study presents an account of electromagnetic phenomena in the earth's crust immediately preceding a tectonic earthquake. The results of experiments performed throughout the last 20 years using data collected from the satellite and ground-based observations are analyzed and form the basis of various conceptual explanations of seismo-electromagnetic phenomena. The authors also present their own theoretical model of the generation of electromagnetic emission in the earth's crust. The tendency for earthquake-prone areas to be used for modern urban and industrial development underlines the significance of this monograph. Its applications are extensive, including defrectoscopy, monitoring stress in mines, and the development of electromagnetic methods of earthquake prediction; and should interest geologists, geophysicists, and specialists in solid-state physics.