The biosphere is a closed system which includes all the other ecosystems. It is a self-regulating system. It encompasses all living beings and their interaction with the elements of the lithosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere and atmosphere. The main characteristics of the biosphere are the continuous cycle of matter and the flow of solar energy. All of the living organisms of the biosphere depend on water. The biotic components of the biosphere are broadly classified into three categories, namely, primary producers, consumers and decomposers. The topics included in this book on biosphere are of utmost significance and bound to provide incredible insights to readers. Such selected concepts that redefine this discipline have been presented in it. This book is an essential guide for both academicians and those who wish to pursue this discipline further.