The Department of Defense (DOD) collects information on how Energy Conservation Investment Program (ECIP) projects are expected to perform when operational, including anticipated returns on investment and energy or water savings. DOD established ECIP, which funds projects at military installations that are designed to conserve energy or water, generate electricity from renewable sources, promote energy security, or accomplish a combination of these goals. This book assesses the extent to which DOD has reported anticipated returns on investment or reduced energy use from ECIP-funded projects; found that completed ECIP projects have resulted in cost savings or lower energy use; and developed and implemented a strategic vision for ECIP.