In this book, the authors present current research in the study of DNA binding and extraction methods, applications, and limitations. Topics discussed in this compilation include DNA binding to cationic polymers and its implications on gene therapy; metal based anticancer drug-DNA binding; non-covalent DNA-AuNP's interactions; prospects of nanoparticle DNA binding; extraction and purification of DNA from USAB reactor sludge samples; isolation of genomic DNA from microbes and microbial communities; dengue virus RNA extraction challenges and isolating bacterial and viral nucleic acids from clinical samples for diagnostic testing.