Over the past decade there have been major advancements both in the development and the application of neuro-imaging techniques. Using the tools of positron emission tomography (PET), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and magnetoencephalography (MEG), researchers have made significant gains in the area of functional brain research, yielding an enormous increase of scientific literature. However, our understanding of brain processes remains limited, and we have only taken the first small steps toward exploring and comprehending brain function. The present volume showcases contributions of scientists from premier research institutions of the USA, Australia and India highlighting research undertaken in applications of brain imaging technology and to understand the developmental brain processes in humans. It presents advances in areas of developmental neurosciences in combination with cutting edge technology that could help in understanding the functioning of the human brain, starting from the foetus. The volume will be very useful to postgraduates, researchers and scientists in the fields of developmental neuroscience and neuro-imaging.