Maximizing the profits obtained in the conversion of hardwood logs into lumber is a primary concern of forest products companies. Trends of increased log costs and limited availability are forcing wood processors to become more efficient in their operations. This book, therefore, provides a 3D log processing optimization system for sawmills to maximize profits and yields from central Appalachian hardwoods.At first, the current status of log sawing practices in small hardwood sawmills across West Virginia and the effects of log sawing practices on lumber recovery were described in the book. Secondly, a 3D log sawing optimization system to perform 3D log generation, opening face determination, headrig log sawing simulation, cant resawing, and lumber grading was introduced. Thirdly, an optimal 3D visualization system for edging and trimming of rough lumber was described. At last, a combined optimal edging and trimming algorithm was embedded as a component in the 3D log sawing optimization system. This book will be of interest to sawmill managers, sawyers, edger, trimmer, lumber graders, and students and researchers in wood processing.