Extermination of forests is an essential part of human activity since prehistoric times. There are several reasons for this: the forest is an enemy environment hiding predators and other threats; the forest is a source for wood, which is used for firing and materials of construction; forest occupies land, which could be used for agriculture. Even now in spite of progress in ecological education, deforestation continuously accelerates everywhere. This book provides new research on the global challenges and issues on deforestation in the 21st Century.