Choosing between God and Darwin? The double anniversary in 2009 which celebrates the birth of Charles Darwin in February 1809 and the publication of his magnum opus The Origin of Species in November 1859, is the occasion for many of our contemporary believers to ask the question which has been haunting religious circles for a hundred and fifty years: what should be done with Charles Darwin's work and ideas? Are they acceptable and are they compatible with faith? Should they be condemned and opposed? A reading of the numerous publications which have appeared for this anniversary suggests that these questions exist beyond denominational circles, and go so far as to take on different and even opposite forms. Nowadays why do God and his followers appear to be the principal obstacles to the study of Darwin's ideas, to the development of his theories and to the dissemination of the most modern ideas found in these theories? Which strategy should be adopted towards the most virulent adversaries, those who are nowadays commonly referred to as creationists? Expressions are many depending on the mood, the opinion or creed of their authors: God against Darwin, Darwin against God, God versus Darwin (a reference to the American and Australian law suits and later to the legal settlement of the question), God or Darwin and finally, but more rarely, God and Darwin . . . The anniversaries held in honour of Charles Darwin and his work have created the occasion and have been the cause of this debate. Obviously this is not the only gift the English naturalist offered to science and religion. It is a gift it would be as well not to forget at a time when humanity fears for its future and that, not without reason. Thank you, Mr Darwin!