A select group of highly renowned scientists - among themfour Nobel Prize Winners - have been asked to summarizesignificant developments of their ownrecent research in thelife sciences at a workshop organized on the occasionof theopening of the new Paul-Ehrlich-Institut in Langen nearFrankfurt/ Main. They do this in a comparative fashionevaluating similar achievements in adjacent fields. Theirintellectual state-of-the-art analysis and fascinatingoutlook on future perspectives provides exciting andstimulating reading.The authors address areas in virology, immunology, oncologyand evolution. Intelligent design of vaccines and otherimmunologial drugs, virus evolution and viruses as nature'sengineers, pathology of chronic autoimmune and centralnervous system diseases and the biology of mammary cancerbelong to the topics discussed. A book easy to read forscientists, doctors and students interested in rapidlydeveloping fields in the life sciences.