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Conquistadors and Aztecs: A History of the Fall of Tenochtitlan de Stefan Rinke

Conquistadors and Aztecs: A History of the Fall of Tenochtitlan

Autor Stefan Rinke
en Limba Engleză Hardback – 13 iul 2023

Evoluția istoriografiei dedicate cuceririi Mexicului a migrat în ultimele decenii de la mitul eroic al unei mâini de cuceritori către o înțelegere profundă a rețelelor de alianțe și a factorilor biologici. Suntem de părere că lucrarea Conquistadors and Aztecs, semnată de Stefan Rinke, consolidează această schimbare de paradigmă prin integrarea unor voci care au fost adesea marginalizate. Lucrarea extinde cadrul propus de The Aztecs, the Conquistadors, and the Making of Mexican Culture de Peter O. Koch cu date noi provenite din sursele picturale și scrise indigene, oferind o perspectivă multilaterală asupra evenimentelor dintre 1519 și 1521. Autorul analizează minuțios modul în care Hernán Cortés a speculat nemulțumirile grupurilor precum Tlaxcaltecii, care au văzut în spanioli o oportunitate de a se elibera de sub dominația aztecă. Un element distinctiv al acestui volum este includerea experiențelor sclavilor negri și a diverselor grupuri native, transformând narațiunea dintr-un conflict binar într-o rețea complexă de diplomație și supraviețuire. Tonul este unul precis, evitând senzaționalismul în favoarea unei analize documentate a modului în care bolile aduse din Europa au decimat populația locală, facilitând prăbușirea capitalei Tenochtitlan. Structura narativă urmărește cronologic expediția, dar se oprește asupra detaliilor de fundal ale protagoniștilor de ambele părți, de la diplomația subtilă la luptele brutale. Publicată pentru a marca 500 de ani de la căderea imperiului aztec, această ediție publicată de Oxford University Press reprezintă o sinteză necesară pentru înțelegerea fundamentelor Mexicului modern și a complexității întâlnirii dintre două lumi.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780197552469
ISBN-10: 0197552463
Pagini: 328
Ilustrații: 38 halftones
Dimensiuni: 164 x 241 x 24 mm
Greutate: 0.61 kg
Editura: Oxford University Press
Colecția OUP USA
Locul publicării:New York, United States

De ce să citești această carte

Recomandăm această carte cititorilor care doresc să depășească clișeele istorice despre cucerirea spaniolă. Prin utilizarea surselor native și analiza alianțelor politice complexe, Stefan Rinke oferă o imagine realistă a căderii Tenochtitlanului. Este o lectură esențială pentru cei interesați de istoria Americii Latine, aducând în prim-plan contribuția crucială a aliaților indigeni și impactul epidemiilor asupra cursului istoriei mondiale.

Despre autor

Stefan Rinke este un istoric de prestigiu, specializat în istoria Americii Latine și profesor la Universitatea Liberă din Berlin. Expertiza sa vastă se concentrează pe procesele de globalizare și pe interacțiunile transatlantice în perioada colonială. În lucrarea Conquistadors and Aztecs, Rinke folosește o abordare multidisciplinară pentru a reinterpreta evenimentele fondatoare ale lumii noi, fiind recunoscut internațional pentru capacitatea sa de a sintetiza surse spaniole și indigene. Opera sa contribuie semnificativ la cercetarea academică contemporană, oferind o perspectivă critică asupra modului în care s-au format imperiile coloniale și identitățile naționale în regiune.

Descriere

A highly readable narrative of the causes, course, and consequences of the Spanish Conquest, incorporating the perspectives of many Native groups, Black slaves, and the conquistadors, timed with the 500th anniversary of the fall of the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan.Five hundred years ago, a flotilla landed on the coast of Yucatán under the command of the Spanish conquistador Hérnan Cortés. While the official goal of the expedition was to explore and to expand the Christian faith, everyone involved knew that it was primarily about gold and the hunt for slaves.That a few hundred Spaniards destroyed the Aztec empire--a highly developed culture--is an old chestnut, because the conquistadors, who had every means to make a profit, did not succeed alone. They encountered groups such as the Tlaxcaltecs, who suffered from the Aztec rule and were ready to enter into alliances with the foreigners to overthrow their old enemy. In addition, the conquerors benefited from the diseases brought from Europe, which killed hundreds of thousands of locals. Drawing on both Spanish and indigenous sources, this account of the conquest of Mexico from 1519 to 1521 not only offers a dramatic narrative of these events--including the fall of the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan and the flight of the conquerors--but also represents the individual protagonists on both sides, their backgrounds, their diplomacy, and their struggles. It vividly portrays the tens of thousands of local warriors who faced off against each other during the fighting as they attempted to free themselves from tribute payments to the Aztecs.Written by a leading historian of Latin America, Conquistadors and Aztecs offers a timely portrayal of the fall of Tenochtitlan and the founding of an empire that would last for centuries.

Recenzii

A riveting one-volume history of the 1519-21 Spanish Conquest of Mexico... Where the primary sources contradict one another (as they often do), Rinke explains and interprets the differences, instead of eliding complexity in favor of a contrived history. Although numerous historians have studied the downfall of the Aztec state, Rinke's monograph ranks among the best. VERDICT Enthusiastically recommended for students, scholars, and general readers seeking a thoughtful introduction to a complex and controversial historical moment.
Rinke's engaging new study is a significant contribution to the increasingly dynamic field of early Mexico's New Conquest History, adding much to the debate.
Stefan Rinke has written an accurate and well-documented retelling of the long known but ever-changing history of the conquest of Mexico. This book is one of the best recent historical narratives of the conquest written in any language, and a good introduction to the new and surprising interpretations of these events.
Detailed and narrative, focusing on the military conquest and cultural changes in Mesoamerica around 1520...By including methodological debates, recent research problems, and a broad range of Spanish primary sources, Rinke has created a highly recommendable introduction for students and scholars as well as a broader public.
Rinke's book... is brilliantly, even stirringly, written. He manages to present the characters as human beings, not just as actors populating contexts.
[Rinke] presents the motives, perspectives and backgrounds of the individual actors and clears up myths that are still entwined with the conquest of America. Rinke not only describes the conquests, but also explains who actually met there and what the starting situation was.
Rinke repeatedly points out the contingency of the process and thus reminds us that sometimes chance, topographical circumstances, or linguistic and cultural misunderstandings could be decisive. Overall, this richly detailed and highly readable book, which deals with an extremely exciting subject, should appeal to a wide audience and attract many readers.
Conquistadors and Aztecs covers well-known episodes with freshness and acuity: Moctezuma's puzzling decision to allow Cortés's army to enter Tenochtitlan; the ominous sight (and stench) of bloodstained Mexica priests; Cortés's up-and-down fortunes; Moctezuma's capture and death; Alvarado's point-of-no-return massacre of unarmed Mexica nobility at the festival of Toxcatl; the bleak Spanish retreat ("La Noche Triste"); their determined siege and re-entry; and the decimating effect of smallpox on the native population.
Historian Rinke revisits in this comprehensive and insightful chronicle the fall of Tenochtitlan and the Mexica (or Aztec) Empire in the early 16th century. Adding depth and nuance to historical accounts of a small band of conquistadors swiftly overcoming a massive empire through technological and tactical superiority, Rinke draws on Indigenous and Spanish sources to uncover a much more complex series of events...Rinke's prodigious research enables him to disentangle the biological, psychological, military, and sociocultural factors behind this much mythologized conquest. The result is a vital reconsideration of the history of the New World.
This book is a solid contribution to a topic that already has received significant interest. It recognizes the contribution of Indigenous peoples to the invasion and draws on some Indigenous sources while maintaining a generally European point of view.
Conquistadors and Aztecs relies on both written and pictorial sources written by European and Indigenous writers to provide a nuanced explanation for "the fall of Tenochtitlan."Conquistadors and Aztecs relies on both written and pictorial sources written by European and Indigenous writers to provide a nuanced explanation for "the fall of Tenochtitlan."

Notă biografică

Stefan Rinke is professor and chair of the department of history at the Institute of Latin American Studies and member of the Friedrich Meinecke-Institut at Freie Universität Berlin. From 2014 to 2017 he was President of the European Association of Historians of Latin America. Rinke is the recipient of the José Antonio Alzate Award from the Mexican Academy of Sciences and is the author of fourteen books, most of which have been translated into Spanish, Portuguese, and English.