Nowadays, network connectivity and the Internet have been an indispensable part of our daily lives via various services/applications supporting all of the industry areas ranged from trade and business, administration to entertainment, transportation, education, and healthcare. Typically, the concepts and introductions of terms, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), cloud or edge/fog computing, and content-oriented network services, have been investigated as emerging topics toward the realization of the Internet of Everything (IoX) in the future. Toward this end, developing an efficient congestion control mechanism is regarded as a key to an efficient and robust network design since the network availability and stability can directly affect the network performance, in terms of interoperability and robustness, especially in the case of an explosive increase in the network traffic volume. In particular, when a network link becomes corrupted or overload, congestion may occur due to packet drops. As a result, the overall network performance, including network throughput, latency, and response time will be degraded. The book is not intended to provide a comprehensive description of various congestion control techniques. Rather, with the assumptions that the readers have some general knowledge of networking fundamentals, the main goal of this book is to bring together distinguished perspectives of congestion control in different network platforms and technologies, ranged from TCP/IP, MPTCP (Multipath TCP) in heterogeneous networks, wireless networks to information-centric networks as future networks, and even supercomputing. The book then aims to give a new insight into this challenging and important topic of congestion control to overcome network performance degradation when congestion occurs from both theory/principles and practical viewpoints. Hence, we hope that this book provides a broader picture of the Congestion control concept in the context of communication networks toward efficient network design.