In recent years, there have been significant progress in computational intelligence and image processing with machine learning and deep learning as important components of modern artificial intelligence. All these progresses face challenges in dealing with Covid-19 pandemic for detection and treatment. This comprehensive compendium provides not only updated advances of computational intelligence and image processing in the detection and treatment of Covid-19, but also other medical applications such as in cancer detection and cardiovascular diseases, etc. More traditional approaches such as 2D segmentation and 3D reconstruction are included. The useful reference text is an updated version of the edited title, Computer Vision in Medical Imaging (World Scientific, 2014) and its companion volume, Frontiers of Medical Imaging (World Scientific, 2015). The book is written for engineers, scientists and the medical community to meet the increased challenges in medical applications.