In this compilation, the authors comprehensively investigate SOD effects in the homeostasis of mammal endometrium, using available information on several species and their team experience relating to the topic. In addition, they address its role in endometrial integrity and some uterine clinical conditions and infertility. The current knowledge of plant SODs, their abiotic-stress modulated expression and activity, and analyses results on genetic engineering of plant SODs are summarized. Significance of superoxide dismutases in the crop improvement for stress tolerance is also discussed. This book reviews the oxidative stress and damage to plants, while also summarizing the characteristics of SOD enzymes and discussing their involvement in the tolerance of plants against abiotic stress. Additionally, many authors have studied the protective role of SOD in the mice cochlea, however more recently the role of SOD gene polymorphisms in the susceptibility of sudden sensorineural hearing loss has been investigated. Therefore, the authors also examine the role of SOD in the cochlea and its involvement in the pathogenesis of noise induced hearing loss, age related hearing loss and sudden sensorineural hearing loss.