Cluster analysis has been used in a variety of fields. An algorithm is applied to the data with the purpose of dividing the elements in groups in such a way that objects in the same group are as similar as possible to each other and are as dissimilar as possible to the objects of different groups. Based on the observed values of some variables, the elements are compared using some similarity or dissimilarity measure. This book explores the fields of clustering algorithms and mathematical modelling with research gathered from around the globe.