Proceedings of an international symposium on clinical problems in strabismus that arose from a desire to stimulate new research efforts in strabismus, held at The Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute, in San Francisco, California, in November 2012. This volume was edited by Tina Rutar. The event was organized by Arthur Jampolsky, Tina Rutar, Anja Palmowski-Wolfe, John Brabyn, and Richard Harrad.