This book traces the progress of the field of pediatrics and highlights some of its key concepts and applications. It discusses the fundamentals as well as modern approaches of this field. Pediatrics refers to a branch of medical science which deals with the diagnosis and treatment of disorders and diseases in infants, children, pre-teens and teens. The aim of this field is to prevent infections, control death rates, reduce chronic diseases and promote general hygiene in adolescents, infants, and children till the age of 18. This book includes detailed explanations of the various theories and techniques that pediatricians use to treat diseases. It consists of contributions made by international experts. Students, doctors, pediatricians, researchers and all those interested in this subject will find this text beneficial.