The term chromatography was introduced in 1906 by a Russian botanist Mikhail Tswett. This technique is an effective separation device that is used in all branches of science. It is usually the only means of separating elements from complicated mixtures. The first systematic use of chromatography was explained by James and Martin in the year 1952, for the use of gas chromatography in the analysis of fatty acid mixtures. Vast areas of chromatographic procedures make use of differences in size, charge and other properties. There are several types of chromatography that have been introduced in the book. Some of them are column chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography, size exclusion chromatography, ion exchange chromatography etc. This book includes detailed descriptions about the applications of chromatography by different research findings. Every issue discussed in this book has lists of references tagged at the bottom to provide students and researchers with opening pointers for independent chromatography investigations.