This book presents current research in the study of the principles, types and applications of catalysis. Topics discussed in this compilation include solid-acid catalysts in green synthesis of fine chemicals; activation of heterogeneous nanocatalysts by solar light; advanced oxidation processes via catalysis; catalytic technologies for diesel engines exhaust gas cleaning; multi-site phase transfer catalysis; artificial metalloenzymes and macroporous materials; the application of oxidative catalysis in hybrid organic-inorganic materials and microwave-assisted catalytic asymmetric transformations.