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Canfield Drive: A History of Race and the American City on a Street in St. Louis de Matthew Knox Averett

Canfield Drive: A History of Race and the American City on a Street in St. Louis

Autor Matthew Knox Averett
en Limba Engleză Hardback – 19 dec 2025

Observăm o lacună persistentă în literatura academică dedicată urbanismului american: lipsa unei istorii integrate care să lege proiectarea fizică a străzilor de rezultatele sociale violente. Canfield Drive vine să completeze acest gol, demonstrând că evenimentele din 2014 nu au fost un accident izolat, ci rezultatul inevitabil al unei „inginerii rasiale” exercitate asupra mediului construit. Apreciem modul în care Matthew Knox Averett refuză explicațiile simpliste, preferând o analiză sistemică a modului în care cartierele au fost transformate în capcane sociale prin politici de locuințe și reglementări urbane.

Volumul este structurat cu o rigoare cartografică în trei părți. Prima parte, „Lincolnville”, explorează comunitățile timpurii de culoare; a doua, „Northside”, analizează distrugerea Mill Creek Valley și eșecul emblematic al proiectului Pruitt-Igoe; în timp ce ultima parte, „Canfield”, se concentrează pe suburbia Ferguson și pe evenimentele care l-au implicat pe Michael Brown. Această progresie oferă o perspectivă istorică necesară pentru a înțelege cum tensiunile s-au acumulat timp de decenii.

Remarcăm că această lucrare reprezintă o evoluție metodologică pentru autor. Dacă în The Early Modern Child in Art and History Matthew Knox Averett explora construcția socială a copilăriei în Europa modernă timpurie, aici aplică aceeași rigoare a analizei constructelor sociale asupra spațiului urban american contemporan. Canfield Drive constituie o alternativă academică solidă la Citizen Brown de Colin Gordon pentru cursurile de planificare urbană și sociologie, având avantajul unei focalizări micro-istorice pe o singură arteră care devine simbolul unei întregi națiuni. Față de A City Divided, care analizează Kansas City, lucrarea de față oferă o privire mai actuală asupra mecanismelor de „predatory policing” care persistă în peisajul urban actual.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780826223395
ISBN-10: 0826223397
Pagini: 456
Ilustrații: 53 illus.
Dimensiuni: 152 x 229 x 48 mm
Greutate: 0.82 kg
Editura: University of Missouri Press
Colecția University of Missouri

De ce să citești această carte

Această monografie este esențială pentru cercetătorii în politici publice și planificare urbană, oferind o demonstrație clară a modului în care designul orașului influențează justiția socială. Cititorul câștigă o înțelegere profundă a mecanismelor de segregare (precum „white flight” sau sistemele de vouchere) care au transformat străzile în zone de conflict, oferind contextul istoric indispensabil pentru orice dezbatere despre drepturile civile în America contemporană.

Despre autor

Matthew Knox Averett este un istoric a cărui activitate academică se concentrează pe intersecția dintre istoria socială și mediul construit. Anterior, a editat volumul The Early Modern Child in Art and History, o colecție de eseuri ce analizează copilăria ca construct social în Europa secolelor XV-XVIII. În lucrarea de față, publicată de University of Missouri Press, autorul își aplică expertiza în analiza structurilor sociale asupra istoriei urbane a orașului St. Louis, fiind recunoscut pentru această contribuție prin premiul Missouri Conference on History Book Award.

Descriere scurtă

Winner of the 2026 Missouri Conference on History Book Award
On August 9, 2014, Michael Brown and a friend were walking down Canfield Drive, a residential street in the St. Louis suburb of Ferguson. There, they encountered Ferguson Police Officer Darren Wilson. Moments later, Brown was dead on the street—shot by Wilson at least six times. That evening, a memorial appeared on the pavement where he had fallen. In the days that followed, vigils turned into protests, and protests into an Uprising, as police in riot gear faced off with a grieving, outraged community. For nearly two weeks, Ferguson commanded the nation’s attention. The killing of Michael Brown was an outrage and it should not have happened. But Canfield Drive was primed for tragedy long before that fatal encounter because the street was already a place of racial conflict. This was no accident. 
 
Canfield Drive: A History of Race and the American City on a Street in St. Louis uncovers the deeper history behind the street where Brown died, tracing how race and the built environment have long intersected in St. Louis—from the city’s founding to the Ferguson Uprising. The book follows the story of Black space across two centuries: from early Black communities, to the birth of the St. Louis Blues, to the Halcyon days of The Ville, to the destruction of Mill Creek Valley, to the tragedy of Pruitt-Igoe, and to the construction of Canfield Drive. Though Canfield Drive is the first comprehensive history of St. Louis’s Black urban landscape, it is more than just St. Louis's story. Canfield Drive details the racial engineering of the American city. Here is the machinery of American segregation laid bare: occupancy covenants, court decisions, racial steering, white flight, public housing, voucher systems, and predatory policing that combine to transform neighborhoods into traps. Here too are the people who fought back, building community against staggering odds and securing civil rights reforms that transformed America's understanding of government's obligations to its citizens.
 
Canfield Drive provides a powerful lens on the national story of race and the American city and reveals how Michael Brown's death was not just one officer's deadly decision, but the inevitable outcome of America's built environment—a tragedy centuries in the making, on a street designed for violence. This is how a place becomes a powder keg. This is how history erupts into headlines. This is the story behind the story that America couldn't look away from. This is the story of how a street came to matter, and how it came to stand for something far greater than itself.

Recenzii

“In Canfield Drive, a work of urban history and social and political science, Matthew Averett investigates contended racialized spaces through the exploration of historical precedence, social movements, political maneuvers, and commercial development in the St. Louis Metropolitan area from 1764 until 2014. Adroitly using sources that include newspaper articles, photographs, legal case studies, and architectural studies as cogent methodologies, Averett’s four-part study explores the underlying causes that led up to the untimely death of teenager Michael Brown in Ferguson, Missouri, in 2014, a clarion call to re-examine the role of over policing and police brutality in urban communities in America.” —Gregory Carr, MA Saint Louis University, American Studies
 
“An extensively researched book that makes hauntingly clear the history of abandonment of the American city alongside ideals of democratic society. The title is Canfield Drive, but the story covers a much larger territory, across St. Louis and the U.S., through decades of housing and public policy decisions. Read this book to contextualize our present moment of urban crisis.” —Patty Heyda, Washington University St. Louis, author of Radical Atlas of Ferguson, USA
 
“Combining a narrative of racialized housing policies with deep, statistical dives into local history, including an illuminating series of maps, Canfield Drive provides a convincing systematic analysis.”—The St. Louis Post-Dispatch

Notă biografică

Matthew Knox Averett is Professor of Art History at Creighton University where he teaches art history courses from the Renaissance through Modernism, focusing on urban and architectural history and the intersection of race and the built environment. A selection of his publications includes “’Veggendo Roma’: The Urban Image of Rome in the Age of Dante” to Le città di Dante (2021) and “’Noble Edifices’: The Urban Image of Papal Rome, 1417-1667” to Interpreting Urban Spaces in Italian Cultures (2022). In 2015, he edited and contributed chapters to The Early Modern Child in Art and History (Routledge). At Creighton, Averett has held leadership roles in Creighton’s anti-racist initiatives, and from 2020 to 2022, he served on the Inclusion, Diversity, Equity, Accountability, and Sustainability Committee of the Society of Architectural Historians.
 

Cuprins

List of figures
Preface
Introduction: Ferguson

PART 1: LINCOLNVILLE
Chapter 1: Targee Street
Chapter 2: West Belle Place
Chapter 3: The Ville
Chapter 4: Fairground Park
PART 2: NORTHSIDE
Chapter 5: Carr Square Village
Chapter 6: Mill Creek Valley
Chapter 7: Pruitt-Igoe
Chapter 8: North City
PART 3: CANFIELD
Chapter 9: North County
Chapter 10: Canfield Drive
Chapter 11: Northwinds Estates
Chapter 12: Michael Brown

Epilogue: Pleasant View Gardens
Notes
Bibliography
Index